2024-25 Details on transfer payment programs

(S) Contributions related to the Canada Community-Building Fund (Keeping Canada's Economy and Jobs Growing Act)

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2017-18

Link to departmental result: Indigenous communities have sustainable land management and infrastructure

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Community Infrastructure

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: As per the terms and conditions of the First Nations Infrastructure Fund, the Canada Community-Building Fund can be used to fund the Other Community Infrastructure Program.

Results achieved:

As of March 31, 2025, $31.8 million had been allocated to First Nations on reserve (excluding those in the territories) for 2024-25. Since 2016, a total of $330.30 million had been invested to support 800 projects—327 ongoing and 473 completed.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• The audit of Elementary and Secondary Education and Education Facilities is expected to be completed in Fall 2025.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Cluster Evaluation of Community Infrastructure (Housing On-Reserve, Education Facilities, Health Facilities, Other Community Infrastructure and Activities) is expected to be completed by Spring 2029.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

The portion of the Canada Community Building Fund (CCBF) allocated to on-reserve First Nations (excluding those in the territories) is allocated on a per capita basis using on-reserve population data. This portion is delivered by Indigenous Services Canada (ISC), where it is combined with other funding sources and delivered through the terms and conditions of the First Nation Infrastructure Fund (FNIF). No specific engagement related to the CCBF was conducted in 2024-2025.

Contributions for emergency management assistance for activities on reserves

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2019-20

Link to departmental result: Indigenous communities have sustainable land management and infrastructure

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Emergency Management Assistance

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: ISC works collaboratively with Indigenous Peoples, other federal departments and agencies, provinces, territories, and third-party organizations. Responsibilities include supporting First Nations partners to prepare for, mitigate against, respond to and recover from emergency events that threaten the health, safety, and holistic well-being of on-reserve First Nations and other eligible communities.

Local authorities, third-party organizations, provincial and territorial governments are responsible for emergency management activities within their respective jurisdictions. Section 91(24) of the Constitution Act, 1867 prescribes the legislative authority of the Government of Canada for "Indians, and Lands reserved for Indians". This authority is delegated to the Minister of Indigenous Services Canada. Under section 6 of the Emergency Management Act (2007), each federal minister is responsible for identifying risks that are within or related to his or her area of responsibility and for preparing, maintaining, testing and implementing emergency management plans to mitigate those risks. The department supports on-reserve First Nations partners with the four basic pillars of emergency management: (1) mitigation, (2) preparedness, (3) response and (4) recovery.

The department has, since the early 1970s, managed a framework for promoting and supporting First Nations partners with: emergency preparedness and non-structural mitigation within on-reserve and other eligible communities; emergency response and evacuation during disasters; and remediation of infrastructure and houses after emergencies such as forest fires and floods. The department had specific Treasury Board authority for forest fire suppression (December 15, 1988), which expired in March 2005. This authority enabled the department to provide funding to provinces, bands or other emergency organizations for the delivery of fire suppression services. The authority was replaced by the Emergency Management Assistance Program (EMAP) (November 29, 2004), through which the department makes contributions for emergency management assistance for activities on reserve and other eligible communities. The department also provides financial assistance to First Nations for search and recovery activities based on compassionate grounds. In 2017-18, the Building Back Better Strategy Guide was approved to increase the access and availability to culturally competent response and recovery supports for on-reserve and other eligible First Nations partners.

The most common emergencies affecting First Nations are floods, fires, loss of essential services, severe weather, or failure of community infrastructure (i.e., winter roads, bridges, water sources, housing, etc.) due to natural disaster or accident.

Results achieved:

• Percentage of short-term evacuees^{Footnote 1} in 2024-25 that have returned to their community within three months: 100%.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of the Emergency Management Assistance Program is expected to be completed in Winter 2025.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

The Steering Committee on First Nations Emergency Management, co-led with the AFN, met three times in 2024-25 to provide input on ISC's responses to the seven recommendations stemming from the 2022 OAG Audit. With most recommendations considered completed or on track by mid-2024, the Committee was reconvened under a new title—the First Nations Advisory Committee on Emergency Management—which met an additional three times in October and November 2024, and February 2025. Alongside these meetings, ISC supported engagement on multilateral agreements across all regions, with progress developing at varying paces based on First Nations partners' direction. To further strengthen First Nations-led emergency management, over 260 Emergency Management Coordinator positions were funded in 2024-25, marking a key step in building community-level capacity.

Contributions for First Nations and Inuit Health Infrastructure Support

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2021-22

Link to departmental results:

• Indigenous Peoples are physically well
• Indigenous Peoples are mentally well
• Indigenous Peoples have access to quality federally-funded health services
• Indigenous communities have sustainable land management and infrastructure

Link to the department's Program Inventory:

• Health Systems Support
• Community Infrastructure
• Primary Health Care

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The Health Infrastructure Support Authority underpins the long-term vision of an integrated health system with greater First Nations and Inuit control by enhancing their capacity to design, manage, deliver and evaluate quality health programs and services. It provides the foundation to support the delivery of programs and services in First Nations communities and for individuals, and to promote innovation and partnerships in health care delivery to better meet the unique health needs of First Nations and Inuit.

The funds are used for planning and management for the delivery of quality health services; planning, design, construction, renovation, repair and operations and maintenance of health facilities; research activities; encouraging Indigenous Peoples to pursue health careers; investments in technologies to modernize health services; and integrating and realigning the governance of existing health services. Health Systems Support Program elements include Community Health Planning, the Health Services Integration Fund, the Health Transformation initiative, British Columbia Tripartite Health Governance, Accreditation, Health Human Resources, and funding for Indigenous-led health surveys. It also includes targeted initiatives, such as the work for distinctions-based Indigenous health legislation and policy approaches and distinctions-based collaboration with Indigenous Peoples to address anti-Indigenous racism in Canada's health systems.

Results achieved:

In 2024–25, ISC extended the Canada Consolidated Contribution Agreement with the First Nations Health Authority (FNHA) to March 31, 2025, allowing additional time to collaboratively renew a funding agreement for new and time-limited program funding that FNHA is eligible to receive outside of its base funding. Throughout the year, ISC maintained active engagement with the FNHA and the Province of British Columbia through bilateral and tripartite governance tables.

ISC also supported the continued implementation of the FNHA's 10-Year Strategy on Social Determinants of Health through the 16‑month extension of the tripartite Memorandum of Understanding on Mental Health and Wellness, approved to April 2025. As part of the 10-Year Strategy, the FNHA piloted the first year of its community-based Social Determinants of Health funding approach to holistically improve health and wellness in 2024-25. This work is supported by ISC's $50 million commitment over 10 years beginning in 2023-24. In November 2024, ISC transferred $20 million to six Indigenous organizations, Southern Chiefs Organization (Manitoba), Keewatinohk Inniniw Minoayawin Inc. (Manitoba), Tajikeimɨk (Nova Scotia), Nishnawbe Aski Nation (Ontario), Battlefords Agency Tribal Chiefs (Saskatchewan), and First Nations of Quebec and Labrador Health and Social Services Commission (Quebec), to advance Health Transformation initiatives at various stages of negotiating Agreements‑in‑Principle and tripartite frameworks with federal and provincial partners.

The Addressing Anti-Indigenous Racism initiative allocated Budget 2024 funding to regional and national Indigenous partners, across all distinctions, to support initiatives addressing anti-Indigenous racism in Canada's health systems. In 2024-25, this funding supported the continuation of Indigenous-led efforts to increase Indigenous representation in health professions and supported the hiring and retention of Indigenous patient advocates, health system navigators, midwives, and birth support workers. Funding also supported national Indigenous health organizations to advance system-level change, including the promotion of culturally safe care.

In 2024-25, ISC supported the implementation of new funding under the Indigenous Health Equity Fund, which is providing $2 billion over ten years in support of First Nations, Inuit, and Métis access to high quality and culturally safe health services. ISC provided $190 million directly to First Nations, Inuit, and Métis communities to support Indigenous-led priorities and the delivery of community-based health services. ISC also provided a further $10 million to support a range of initiatives focused on innovative, high impact health projects. 

In 2024-25, ISC supported the advancement of health infrastructure projects by:

• investing in multi-year capital projects, and high priority repairs and renovations
• continuing to fund and implement the Social Infrastructure Fund, the Indigenous Community Infrastructure Fund and other initiatives to enhance the delivery of health programs and services; and,
• supporting the Aubpeeschoseewagong Netum Anishinabek's Mercury Care Framework with the construction of the "Mercury Care Home and Wellness Centre" to address the unique health care needs of individuals suffering from the effects of mercury exposure, as well as supported living for those who require it.

In addition, ISC enhanced the development and delivery of community health programs and services by funding eligible First Nations and Inuit recipients for the planning, construction, renovation, and/or repair of community-based health infrastructure to support health professionals with the functional spaces required to safely and efficiently deliver health services in their communities. Since 2016 and as of March 31, 2025, 708 health-related infrastructure projects were undertaken with 534 projects completed, 174 projects ongoing, and 369 First Nations communities benefitting. An investment of $1.20 billion was made to support ongoing and completed health-related infrastructure projects, including: 104 health facility projects, 38 addiction treatment centre projects, 23 other health infrastructure projects, and 543 Aboriginal Head Start On Reserve/Indigenous Early Learning and Child Care Centre program projects.

In 2024-2025, 285 health facilities projects were completed. During this period, ISC invested $285.8 million in targeted infrastructure funds (excluding operating expenses) to support health-related infrastructure.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• An internal recipient audit of the FNHA is expected to be completed by Spring 2027.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

The Evaluation of the British Columbia Tripartite Framework Agreement (horizontal evaluation of ISC, Government of British Columbia and First Nations Health Authority) was completed in March 2025.

This is the second 5-year independent evaluation and work is underway to publish the report and finalize the Management Response and Action Plan. The evaluation found that substantial advances have been made towards building a more equitable and effective health system for First Nations in BC, including through significant increase in health funding for individuals and communities and advancements in integration of cultural safety and humility in health care. Over two-thirds of First Nations health leaders in British Columbia surveyed reported increased access to quality and effective health care for First Nations.

• The Cluster Evaluation of Community Infrastructure (Housing On-Reserve, Education Facilities, Health Facilities, Other Community Infrastructure and Activities) is expected to be completed by March 2029.
• The Cluster Evaluation of Health Systems Support for First Nations and Inuit is expected to be completed by March 2029.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

Health Transformation discussions are ongoing with each of the six First Nation organizations, most of which are trilateral and include Provinces. Trilateral partners are working towards developing key agreements to advance service transfer, which will support large scale systemic change in how health services and programs are designed, delivered, and administered in specific regions across the country.

In 2024-25, two Agreements-in-Principle were signed in Manitoba which commit to work towards transferring responsibility for health services and programs to new health entities; both processes are positioned to begin work towards a Trilateral Framework Agreement, Southern Chiefs Organization and Indigenous Services Canada signed an Agreement-in-Principle in June 2024 and, Keewatinohk Inniniw Minoayawin Inc. and Indigenous Services Canada signed an Agreement-in-Principle in March 2025.

Contributions for First Nations and Inuit Primary Health Care

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2021-22

Link to departmental results:

• Indigenous Peoples are physically well
• Indigenous Peoples are mentally well
• Indigenous Peoples have access to quality federally-funded health services

Link to the department's Program Inventory:

• Public Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
• Jordan's Principle and the Inuit Child First Initiative
• Primary Health Care
• Home and Long-Term Care

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The Primary Health Care Authority funds a suite of programs, services and strategies provided primarily to First Nations and Inuit individuals, families, and communities living on reserve or in Inuit communities. It encompasses health promotion and disease prevention programs to improve health outcomes and reduce health risks; public health protection, including surveillance, to prevent and/or mitigate human health risks associated with communicable diseases and exposure to environmental hazards; and primary care where individuals are provided diagnostic, curative, rehabilitative, supportive, palliative or end-of-life care, and referral services.

Results achieved:

The Sexually Transmitted and Blood-Borne Infections (STBBI) team continues to support initiatives focused on rapid and self-testing, culturally safe care, and harm reduction. In 2024–25, the program funded 22 new proposals, including mobile outreach efforts that expand access to testing, treatment, education, and awareness, while advancing global HIV targets. Knowledge transfer and training activities for nurses and health care providers further build capacity to deliver culturally safe testing, treatment, and support.

The Public Health Surge Team (PHST) continues to contribute to the Tuberculosis (TB) Elimination Strategy by providing both in-person and virtual public health nursing support. Since its creation in 2022, PHST has participated in two Community-Wide Screenings (CWS) and one advanced screening initiative. The team has recently completed a summer mobilization to Arviat to continue its work in case management.

Through Clinical and Client Care funding, 29 remote First Nations offer essential health services through a community designed and delivered care model.

As a result of Community Oral Health Services, clients are able to access emergency oral health care, dental disease prevention, and the promotion of good oral health practices within their community.

The Home and Long-Term Care (HLTC) program continued to fund 396 Indigenous health organizations who serve 99% of First Nation and Inuit communities for planning and delivering a continuum of culturally appropriate and accessible home and community care services that respond to the unique health and social needs of First Nations and Inuit living on-reserve and in Inuit Nunangat. The HLTC program continued to fund 13 targeted First Nation, Métis and Inuit projects with immediate and short-term initiatives that increase capacity along the Long-Term and Continuing Care continuum.

Jordan's Principle and the Inuit Child First Initiative continue to play a vital role in ensuring First Nation and Inuit children have access to essential government funded health, social and educational products, services, and supports. In 2024–25, Jordan's Principle approved approximately 112,975 requests, enabling access to approximately 2.8 million products, services, and supports for First Nations children. During the same period, the Inuit Child First Initiative approved 6,964 requests, providing an estimated 49,875 products, services, and supports to Inuit children.

Planning for discussions with partners on the development of a new Assisted Living Data Strategy was ongoing, with dialogue expected to begin following approval of the co‑developed options for a new Long-Term Community Care Framework.

ISC worked to ensure that eligible clients and their dependents had access to the on‑reserve Income Assistance program, as well as pre‑employment supports and services. The department collaborated with First Nation partners to identify ways to make the program more responsive to the needs of individuals and families on reserve and to determine the supports required to improve the program.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

An Audit of the Mental Wellness Program was completed in 2024-25.

The audit concluded that, overall, the program demonstrates strengths in governance, funding flexibility, and performance measurement. However, opportunities for improvement were identified, including strengthening the establishment and retention of program documentation, developing and implementing consistent reporting and tracking processes and tools, and incorporating mechanisms to collect and act on stakeholder feedback. There is also an opportunity for the program to demonstrate clearer alignment between its activities and the identified needs of Indigenous partners and communities.

• Planned Audit of Jordan's Principle is expected to be completed in Spring 2025.
• Planned Audit of the Clinical and Client Care Program is expected to be completed in Spring 2027.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

The Phase One Evaluation of the Mental Wellness Program was completed in March 2025.

The evaluation found the Mental Wellness Program to be highly relevant and increasingly accessed, with flexible funding enabling culture-based, trauma-informed services that address urgent needs. However, effectiveness was limited by unsustainable and limited funding, human resource capacity, infrastructure gaps, and a lack of provincial/territorial partnerships, resulting in children, youth, and families being underserved. While greater flexibility in funding agreements advanced service transfer, sustainable long-term funding was needed to support holistic community programming. Recommendations focused on supporting an Indigenous-led Phase Two study to capture community perspectives, strengthening collaboration within ISC and with partners, securing sustainable and flexible funding (including capital), developing a dedicated workforce strategy, and improving performance measurement aligned with Indigenous perspectives.

The Evaluation of Environmental Public Health Services was completed in March 2025.

In general, the evaluation found that Environmental Public Health services were essential and aligned with First Nations needs, but their effectiveness was limited by resource constraints, and systemic barriers such as a lack of regulatory authority and outdated data management systems. The significant share of transferred Environmental Public Health Officers advanced the departmental service transfer goals, but there was a lack of consistent national guidance. The evaluation recommended strengthening Environmental Public Health services by improving knowledge-sharing and clarity of roles between Environmental Public Health Officers and Regional Environmental Health Managers, modernizing data systems to enhance planning and community access, and updating the National Framework to ensure standards are realistic, consistent with other jurisdictions, and supported by adequate resources.

• The Cluster Evaluation of Home and Long Term Care is expected to be completed in Summer 2026.
• The Evaluation of Jordan's Principle is expected to be completed in Spring 2027 and is currently in pre-scoping phase.
• The Evaluation of the Inuit Child First Initiative is expected to be completed by Winter 2025.
• The Evaluation of Communicable Disease Control and Management is underway and expected to be completed in Spring 2026.
• The Evaluation of the Primary Health Care Program (including Clinical and Client Care, Community Oral Health Services and ehealth) is underway and expected to be completed in Spring 2026.
• The Cluster Evaluation of Public Health Promotion and Disease Prevention (Healthy Living and Healthy Child Development) is planned to by completed by March 2028.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

ISC, in partnership with Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (ITK), continues to co-chair the Inuit-Crown Food Security Working Group, a sub-group of the Inuit-Crown Partnership Committee. The Working Group takes a whole-of-government approach to improving food security for Inuit in Inuit Nunangat, leveraging contributions from multiple federal departments and Inuit partners. This work is guided by a joint Health and Wellness Work Plan, closely aligned with the Inuit Nunangat Food Security Strategy and its Implementation Plan.

ISC officials also engaged with Inuit partners on the co-development of a long-term Inuit specific approach based on a Shared Responsibility Model developed by Inuit partners. This will include the co-development of a National Framework and regional approaches that would set common parameters and support the implementation of a new Inuit-specific long-term approach.

In addition, ISC and ITK remain committed to their 2018 pledge to eliminate tuberculosis (TB) from Inuit Nunangat by 2030. An initial federal investment of $27.5 million over five years supported the development and implementation of regional TB elimination action plans across the Inuvialuit Settlement Region, Nunavut, Nunavik, and Nunatsiavut. In 2023, the Government of Canada provided an additional $16.2 million over three years to advance these efforts. This included support for community-wide screening in Pangnirtung, led by the Hamlet of Pangnirtung, Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated, and the Government of Nunavut, through the provision of additional staff such as nurses and field epidemiologists.

ISC's Primary Health Care Program collaborates with ITK and the Assembly of First Nations (AFN) to recognize nurses on the front lines in communities through an annual awards ceremony. This initiative has continued for over 20 years, contributing to the retention of nurses working in Indigenous communities.

ISC's First Nations and Inuit Home and Community Care (FNIHCC) Program, in partnership with the Assembly of First Nations (AFN), launched a new Community of Practice connecting national and regional ISC FNIHCC representatives with First Nation home and community care practitioners, Indigenous program leads, and policy advisors. This forum promotes Indigenous-led dialogue, knowledge sharing, and relationship building across regions to facilitate the exchange of mutual priorities, strategic directions, and issues relevant to the program, while considering the context of local health care systems. The program is also advancing responses to the Non-Insured Health Benefits Joint Review Calls to Action related to home and community care, including transitions in care, hospital discharges, foot care, and access to medical supplies and equipment.

For Home and long-term care, ISC regional offices continue engagement and collaboration with communities to increase the use of funding models, that support greater First Nations and Inuit involvement in the design, delivery, and evaluation of services while upholding quality and patient safety standards. The program continued to support 8 Métis organizations in advancing a distinction-based engagement focused on long-term and continuing care. This engagement aims to generate insights into the specific needs of Métis communities in relation to these services. In addition, the program continues its active participation and leadership in the Adults with Disabilities complaint before the Canadian Human Rights Commission.

For Assisted Living, engagement reports from all Métis stakeholder groups were received, with analysis and summarization completed. No further engagement processes were initiated thereafter.

Contributions for First Nations and Inuit Supplementary Health Benefits

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2023-24

Link to departmental results:

• Indigenous Peoples are physically well
• Indigenous Peoples are mentally well
• Indigenous Peoples have access to quality federally funded health services

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Supplementary Health Benefits

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: ISC's Supplementary Health Benefits (also known as Non-Insured Health Benefits) Program is a national program that provides registered First Nations and recognized Inuit residents in Canada with coverage for a range of medically necessary health related goods and services which are not otherwise available to them through other private plans or provincial or territorial health or social programs. Program benefits include prescription and over-the-counter medications, dental and vision care, medical supplies and equipment, mental health counselling, and transportation to access medically required health services that are not available locally. Some benefits are delivered through contribution agreements with First Nations and Inuit organizations or with the territorial governments in Nunavut and Northwest Territories.

Results achieved:

The Joint Review of the Non‑Insured Health Benefits Program with the Assembly of First Nations continued in 2024–25, with comprehensive reviews completed for five benefit areas to date. Implementation of recommendations is underway, including changes that improve client access to benefits and streamlines service delivery to better respond to client needs. The medical transportation benefit review is ongoing.

ISC also continued to work collaboratively with the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami on Inuit specific priorities.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were competed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of the Non-Insured Health (Supplementary) Benefits Program is expected to be completed in March 2026.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

The Non-Insured Health Benefits Program continued to engage with First Nation and Inuit partners in 2024-25 to share information and ensure the Program is responsive to the needs of its clients.

Contributions for Pathways to Safe Indigenous Communities Initiative

Start date: 2021-22

End date: 2025-26; Amended to 2026-27 for the Community Development Wrap-Around Initiative (CDWAI)

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2021-22; Amended in 2022-23 to include CDWAI under this authority

Link to departmental result:

• Indigenous Peoples are culturally safe and socially well
• Indigenous communities have governance capacity and support for self-determination

Link to the department's Program Inventory:

• Safety and Prevention Services
• Indigenous Governance and Capacity Supports

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The Pathways Initiative is a five-year initiative starting in 2021-22 which aims to fund services for Indigenous communities, women, children, and families across Canada – including First Nations, Inuit, Métis, urban, and Two-Spirit, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer or Questioning, Intersex, and Asexual Plus (2SLGBTQI+) people. Funding recipients provide Indigenous Peoples with community services that are developed and implemented through an Indigenous lens, targeting the specific safety and well-being needs of the communities. The intention of the program is to assist Indigenous individuals and communities to:

• support the development and delivery of culturally relevant and community and organization identity specific safety and well-being initiatives;
• address community safety and well-being needs that support reconciliation, resiliency, and capacity of Indigenous communities and organizations and their members, contribute to and promote a sense of belonging of community members, address intergenerational trauma, address systemic barriers and biases within existing systems, recognize the impact of lived experiences; and
• support Indigenous designed interventions and Indigenous definitions of safe, secure and resilient communities.

The Community Development Wrap-Around Initiative supports 22 First Nation communities across Canada to implement their priorities. Support Teams will continue to identify and engage potential partners. In 2024-25, ISC will work with participating communities at regional and national tables to identify lessons learned from the Community Development Wrap-Around Initiative that could inform program reform initiatives in other areas of ISC and other federal departments. 

Results achieved:

ISC continued to support First Nations, Inuit, and Métis partners address community safety and well-being needs by funding the design and delivery of culturally grounded interventions that are tailored to their unique community needs through the Pathways to Safe Indigenous Communities Initiative. Specifically:

• Percentage of (Pathways Initiative) annual funding delivered to support the safety and wellbeing needs and priorities of Indigenous communities: 100%
• In 2024-25, Pathways provided $30,544,262 in funding to 53 community safety and wellbeing projects, including 31 First Nations organizations, 9 Inuit organizations, 4 Metis organizations, and 9 urban Indigenous organizations.
• Percentage of recipient communities or organizations reporting that their project has improved community safety and well-being: 100% in 2023-2024^{Footnote 2Footnote 3}

The Community Development Wrap-Around Initiative (CDWAI) has supported 22 First Nations communities across Canada in implementing their community development priorities by providing wrap-around support to build partnerships and access to flexible funding to address barriers to community development. Since the start of the Initiative in 2022-23, CDWAI communities have established over 140 partnerships, leveraged $143 million in partner funding, created over 230 in-community jobs, and built in-community capacity.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• The planned Audit of the Family Violence Prevention Program is expected to be completed in Winter 2027.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Joint Evaluation of the Family Violence Prevention Program and the Pathways to Safe Indigenous Communities Initiative is expected to be completed in Winter 2025.
• The Evaluation of the Indigenous Governance and Capacity Program is expected to be completed by Winter 2027.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

The Pathways to Safe Indigenous Communities Initiative continued to engage with recipients in 2024-25 to share community safety information and resources and to ensure funded projects and services were addressing identified community safety needs. Specifically, 19 site visits were conducted (either in person or virtual) in fiscal year 2024-25 in addition to regular, ongoing project outreach.

Contributions for the purpose of consultation and policy development

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2014-15

Link to departmental result:

• Indigenous communities have governance capacity and support for self-determination
• Indigenous communities are progressing in their business and economic growth

Link to the department's Program Inventory:

• Indigenous Governance and Capacity Supports
• Community Economic Development

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The program is intended to be a vehicle for a wide range of engagements between the department and Indigenous Peoples for the development and implementation of departmental policy and programming. Eligible activities investigate, develop, propose, review, inform or consult on policy matters within the mandate of the department. Eligible activities include workshops, studies, meetings, and policy development - all of which relate to and are in support of the department's policies and programming. The funding supports the department as a whole to collaborate with Status Indians, Innu and Inuit on key policy issues.

Results achieved:

On December 12, 2024, the Minister of Indigenous Services and Parliamentary Secretary launched the consultation on the second-generation cut-off and section 10 voting thresholds. As part of the launch, a call for proposals for solutions to the issues was made public. The process concluded in March 2025 with 90 proposals received.

Under the Transformational Approach to Indigenous Data, two streams of work were funded by Contributions for the Purpose of Consultation and Policy Development:

• TAID Stream 1: Improved departmental data governance practices; launched and completed the first stage of an engagement on ISC's upcoming Policy on External Data Sharing; and processed data sharing requests submitted by Indigenous organizations and governments.
• TAID Stream 5: Provided funding to Statistics Canada to co-develop 23 projects with Indigenous partners, delivered 53 training sessions to 1018 participants, and completed 16 new data collection initiatives to enhance Indigenous statistical capacity and support self-determination.

The Survey on Indigenous Peoples was also supported by this type of funding. Preliminary results and research of the 2022 Indigenous Peoples Survey (IPS) was made available in partnership with Statistics Canada in August 2024.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:  

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of the Economic Development Capacity and Readiness Program is expected to be completed in Winter 2025.
• The Evaluation of Indigenous Governance and Capacity is expected to be completed in Winter 2027.
• The Evaluation of Individual Affairs is expected to be completed in Spring 2027.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

In 2024-2025 the Registration Reform team engaged with 17 Indigenous Organizations, through the Indigenous Advisory Process, to co-design and co-develop the Collaborative Process on the Second Generation Cut-off and Section 10 voting thresholds.

Under the Transformational Approach to Indigenous Data (TAID), ISC engaged 14 Indigenous governments and organizations on the objectives and principles that will guide ISC's upcoming Policy on External Data Sharing. ISC also regularly met, and engaged, the Indigenous Delivery Partners funded under TAID via bilateral functions. The purpose of these functions is to support planned data governance activities, track progress, and ensure alignment with program objectives.

Contributions to First Nations for the management of contaminated sites

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2022-23

Link to departmental result: Indigenous communities have sustainable land management and infrastructure

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Communities and the Environment

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The objective of this contribution program is to ensure the removal of known contamination from National Contaminated Sites Classification System Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 contaminated sites for which a Crown liability has been established and documented.

Class 1 sites are contaminated sites where available information based on assessments indicates that action is required to address existing concerns for public health and safety. Class 2 sites are those sites where available information, based on assessments indicates that there is a high potential for adverse off-site impacts, although threat to human health and the environment (public health and safety) is generally not imminent and action is likely required. Class 3 sites are those sites where available information indicates that the site is currently not a high concern.

The transfer payment plan also includes funding for the First Nations Solid Waste Management Initiative to develop sustainable solid waste management solutions on reserve. Investments in waste management help to protect the environment, reduce potential risks to health and safety, and reduce the number of future contaminated sites.

Results achieved:

In 2024-25, efforts supporting Contaminated Sites on Reserve (CSOR) resulted in:

• 97 sites underwent remediation or risk management activities
• 52 sites completed remediation and/or risk management activities
• 67 sites had assessment activities undertaken
• 148 contaminated sites were closed

In 2024-25, efforts supporting First Nations Waste Management Initiative (FNWMI) results in:

• an increase from 75% to 77% of First Nations communities that have undertaken solid waste management improvement projects
• an increase from 49.8% to 58.9% of First Nation communities with an adequate solid waste management system
• 15 waste sites were cleaned up, closed or decommissioned
• 4 landfills were constructed or upgraded
• 21 transfer stations were constructed or upgraded
• 43 First Nations developed their first diversion program
• 9 First Nations completed solid waste management plans
• 45 jobs were generated within First Nations communities
• 4 First Nation communities renewed or developed a Municipal Type Service Agreement
• 14 First Nations waste operators were trained

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

The Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan (FCSAP) evaluation was completed in 2024-25.

The evaluation is  a horizontal initiative led by ECCC that provides funding for the CSOR program. The evaluation recommended streamlining performance measurement, improving reporting on socio-economic benefits (particularly for Indigenous Peoples), and developing more consistent mechanisms to track progress on reducing environmental liability

• The evaluation of the Contaminated Sites On-Reserve (South of 60th Parallel) Program is expected to be completed by Spring 2029.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

In 2024–25, the Contaminated Sites on Reserve Program supported First Nations in advancing the assessment and remediation of contaminated sites on reserve lands. By March 31, 2025, assessment activities had been undertaken at 67 sites, remediation activities were underway at 97 sites, remediation and/or risk management had been completed at 52 sites, and 148 sites had been successfully closed.

The Waste Management Initiative continued to monitor progress toward its primary results indicator, the percentage of First Nation communities with adequate solid waste management systems. As of March 31, 2025, 58.9% of communities met this standard, surpassing the March 2025 target of 47.5%. Engagement with the National Advisory Committee (NAC) continued through regular meetings, including an in-person session in May 2024 and virtual meetings in October 2024, January 2025, and March 2025. NAC provided input on permitting, Circuit Rider training, the Terms of Reference, the National Solid Waste Standards Review project, and the National Waste Conference.

In addition, the program supported participation at the Joint Table on First Nations Waste Management, which is comprised of First Nation representative organizations, First Nation technical experts, and federal representatives. The Joint Table is developing legislative and capacity development options to enhance waste management practices and address unauthorized dumping on reserve lands. In-person meetings were held in December 2024, February 2025 and March 2025, as well as a number of virtual meetings.

Contributions to improve the safety and security of Indigenous women, children, families and 2SLGBTQI+ People

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2019-20

Link to departmental result: Indigenous Peoples are culturally safe and socially well

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Safety and Prevention Services

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The Family Violence Prevention Program is intended to fund family violence services responsive to community needs. The primary objective is to support Indigenous women, children, families, and 2SLGBTQI+ people living across Canada with family violence shelter services and transition homes through funding to core operations. The secondary objective is to support family violence prevention activities through funding to Indigenous communities and organizations, as directed within the program's Terms and Conditions. Third, the program supports Métis engagement on assessing shelter needs and community violence prevention activities focused on Métis women, girls and 2SLGBTQI+ people.

Contribution funding supports Indigenous clients across the country, including First Nations (on and off reserve), Inuit, Métis, Indigenous urban and 2SLGBTQI+ people.

Results achieved:

Results from 2023-24 for indicator Percentage of Family Violence Prevention-related activities directed to community priorities/needswere previously not available and have since been determined in 2024-25 as 47%.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• The planned Audit of the Family Violence Prevention Program is expected to be completed in Winter 2027.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Joint Evaluation of the Family Violence Prevention Program and the Pathways to Safe Indigenous Communities Initiative is expected to be completed in Winter 2025.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

In 2021, the Family Violence Prevention Program expanded its Terms and Conditions under the Comprehensive Violence Prevention Strategy to include shelters off reserve in the provinces and transition homes across Canada. This expansion includes the development of emergency shelters and transition homes both on and off reserve, in urban centres, and in the North.

The program continued to work with distinctions-based organizations and 2SLGBTQI+ partners to advance culturally appropriate emergency shelters and transition homes selected through the 2020 Shelter Initiative for Indigenous Women and Children and the 2021 Indigenous Shelter and Transitional Housing Initiative. Support provided in 2024–25 included predevelopment funding, startup costs, and assistance in identifying capital funding partners. The program also worked closely with the National Indigenous Circle Against Family Violence to address urgent needs, advance selected shelter and housing projects, and deliver community driven violence prevention programming.

Contributions to Indian bands for registration administration

Start date: 1994

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2022-23

Link to departmental result: Indigenous communities have governance capacity and support for self-determination

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Indigenous Governance and Capacity Supports

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: To enable Indian Bands or their Tribal Councils to facilitate the administration of the Indian Registration System and maintenance of Band Lists and increase the adoption of the Secure Certificate of Indian Status at the community level. The transfer payments will provide for in-person application support resulting in entitled persons gaining access to benefits, and an up to date and accurate Indian Register for the department.

Results achieved:

More than 523 First Nations are represented through this program. In 2024–25, a total of 60,019 mail-in applications were received for Secure Certificate of Indian Status (SCIS) cards, of which 37,123 were submitted through trusted sources, including Indian Registration Administrators. An additional 2,205 SCIS applications were received through trusted sources and processed as in-person applications. The program will begin reporting on registration applications in 2025-2026 as new system functionality was introduced to track this important work for trusted source partners.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of Individual Affairs is expected to be completed in Spring 2027.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

Recipients were engaged through national training sessions offered virtually. 490 individuals were trained through 73 sessions.

Contributions to provide children, youth, young adults, families and communities with prevention and protection services

Start date: 1991

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2022-23

Link to departmental results: Indigenous Peoples are culturally safe and socially well

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Child and Family Services

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The transfer payment program aims to improve the safety and wellbeing of First Nations children and families by providing funding to support the delivery of holistic and culturally appropriate prevention and protection services. Eligible recipients deliver prevention and protection services for children and families ordinarily resident on reserve or in the Yukon. The program provides funding for First Nations representative services, as well as post-majority support services for youth and young adults aging out of the child welfare system. Services account for First Nations' unique cultural, historical and geographical strengths, needs and circumstances, and are provided in a manner that accounts for the best interest of the child, as defined by First Nations.

Results achieved:

In 2024–25, data collection methods continued to ensure high‑quality well‑being indicator data at the First Nation, service provider, regional, and national levels, supporting best practices to improve federal child welfare policies, procedures, agreements, and legislation over time. A new performance data collection, analysis, and reporting methodology was developed in collaboration with stakeholders to meet the respective needs of First Nations and service providers, the provinces and Yukon, and the department. Implementation of this new methodology is planned for 2025–26.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• The planned Audit of the First Nations Child and Family Services Program is expected to be completed in Winter 2027.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of the First Nations Child and Family Services Reform is underway and expected to be completed by Fall 2026.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

In 2024–25, ISC signed a landmark $8.5 billion agreement to reform the First Nations Child and Family Services Program in Ontario. The Chiefs of Ontario, Nishnawbe Aski Nation, and Canada have filed a joint motion with the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal (CHRT) to seek its approval of the agreement.

Contributions to support Indigenous governments and institutions, and to build strong governance

(Previously titled "Contributions to supply public services in Indian Government Support and to build strong governance, administrative and accountability systems")

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2023-24

Link to departmental result: Indigenous communities have governance capacity and support for self-determination

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Indigenous Governance and Capacity Supports

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The involvement of Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada and ISC in governance programming is a matter of social policy that includes the devolution of programs and services to First Nations and Inuit governments on a gradual basis. Strong governance and accountability of First Nations and Inuit governments and related institutions are fundamental to the prudent use of funds transferred from the federal government. These objectives are advanced by a series of measures:

• Employee pension and benefits plans to incent recruitment and retention of professional staff;
• The First Nations Fiscal Management Act institutions that provide fiscal services and products to First Nations communities;
• Tribal councils that provide service and program delivery at an aggregated level to communities; and
• Governance capacity development programs that provide support and training in sound governance.

The program terms and conditions provide the framework which current and future department contribution programming can be administered to facilitate capacity development in the First Nations and Inuit elected leadership and entities that administer aggregate services and program delivery on behalf of or to First Nations and Inuit governments and communities.

Results achieved:

In 2024–25, the Tribal Council Funding Program provided support to 78 tribal councils for service delivery and capacity development of their member First Nations, while the Employee Benefits Program contributed to pension and benefit plans for 565 First Nations and organizations. Governance capacity development funding was provided to 290 First Nations, tribal councils, Inuit communities, and supporting organizations. The percentage of First Nations with a completed community-led plan was 47.3%.

During the year, 46 First Nation proposals were funded for estate activities using all available funding of $4.7 million, with demand exceeding available resources. Funded initiatives included community seminars and workshops on the benefits of estate planning, information sessions on the importance of making wills, and assistance with wills development.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of Individual Affairs is expected to be completed in Spring 2027.
• The Evaluation of Indigenous Governance and Capacity is expected to be completed in Winter 2027.
• The Evaluation of the Grant to Support the New Fiscal Relationship for First Nations is expected to be completed in Winter 2025.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

The department provides proposal based funding to eligible First Nations and organizations to support estates management capacity development, with engagement conducted through an annual callout for proposals in collaboration with ISC regions and interested First Nations.

Contributions to support Land Management and Economic Development

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2017-18

Link to departmental results:

• Indigenous communities have sustainable land management and infrastructure
• Indigenous communities are progressing in their business and economic growth
• Indigenous communities have governance capacity and support for self-determination

Link to the department's Program Inventory:

• Communities and the Environment
• Indigenous Entrepreneurship and Business Development
• Community Economic Development
• Indigenous Governance and Capacity Supports

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The lands and economic development programs support increased participation of First Nations communities in the Canadian economy and enable First Nations peoples to pursue opportunities for employment, income, and wealth creation. The specific objectives of each program component are the following:

• Lands and Economic Development Services Program seeks to:
  • enable First Nations and Inuit communities and organizations they mandate to deliver community economic development services, which includes community economic development planning and capacity development initiatives, the development of proposals and levering of financial resources, and carrying out economic development activities (in some instances, recipients may decide to carry out these activities by hiring economic development officers);
  • enable First Nations to assume greater control over reserve land, resources and environment including land use planning, environmental management and compliance, on behalf of the Minister and pursuant to the Indian Act;
  • provide First Nations with modern land management tools and capacities. The initiative facilitates the transition from the Indian Act to the Framework Agreement on First Nation Land Management and Framework Agreement First Nations with the capacities and processes for Land Code Development; and
  • enable the provision of lands, environmental and economic development support services to communities, to assist in achieving the program's objectives. This also includes services that prevent the contamination of reserve lands and other lands under ISC's custodial responsibility.
• Community Opportunity Readiness Program seeks to increase economic development by providing proposal based financial support to First Nations and Inuit communities to assist in their pursuit of, and participation in, economic opportunities. ISC assesses proposals based on their community economic impacts and supports projects with the greatest impacts.

Existing lands and economic development programs are being supplemented with the development of a distinctions based Economic Reconciliation Framework. This framework will be the Government of Canada's formal response to the National Indigenous Economic Strategy, the RoadMap Project, and calls to advance economic reconciliation.

• The Economic Reconciliation Directorate is currently managing relevant contribution agreements and collaborating with Indigenous Policy Leads to craft an engagement and co-development process that is inclusive of those they represent, including First Nations, Inuit and Métis. Parallel to external engagement, the Economic Reconciliation Directorate is working with departments and agencies to ensure alignment across federal initiatives that advance economic reconciliation.
• In managing contribution agreements, The Economic Reconciliation Directorate is responsible for agreements with Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, Métis National Council, and the First Nations Financial Management Board (serving as a trustee on behalf of other First Nation economic organizations). These agreements will support policy development which will guide actions of the federal government to advance reconciliation, increase economic opportunities for Indigenous Peoples, and create conditions for prosperity. Each process will produce distinction-specific strategies that outline a vision for short, medium, and long-term actions, and propose a suite of policy proposals for implementation.

The Aboriginal Entrepreneurship Program (AEP) seeks to:

• enhance access to capital for Indigenous businesses in Canada;
• support activities to establish, expand and diversify the network of Indigenous-owned and controlled financial institutions providing developmental capital in Canada, which are functionally complementary to the mainstream financial sector;
• enhance the capacity of Indigenous financial and business development organizations to provide financial services, business information, and developmental support services.

Overall, the AEP responds to the needs of Indigenous entrepreneurs and the lending ecosystem by addressing barriers that limit access to capital for Indigenous entrepreneurs, which include lower average incomes, remote locations, infrastructure gaps, lack of digital access, lower accumulated wealth, and incomplete credit histories.

Furthermore, ISC supports self-determination and practices culturally relevant GBA Plus practices by listening to partners and co-developing distinctions-based programs that answer their unique needs. 

Based on feedback from partners, ISC also funds the National Aboriginal Capital Corporations Association's (NACCA) Indigenous Women Entrepreneurship Initiative (IWE), which is sunsetting in 2023-24. NACCA completed research that identified the barriers the Indigenous women entrepreneurs face that are beyond their male counterparts, including lower average financial literacy, added family responsibilities and a lack of experience and confidence in dealing with lenders and financial institutions. Eventually, NACCA created the IWE, based on the AEP, which provides tailored programming for Indigenous women and focuses on building the capacity, developing tools, resources, and supports for Indigenous women to start or grow their businesses.

Results achieved:

In 2024–25, ISC and the First Nations Land Management Resource Centre welcomed six new signatories to the Framework Agreement on First Nation Land Management, bringing the total number of signatories to 217. A further six First Nations ratified land codes to reassert jurisdiction over their reserve lands, bringing the total number of First Nations managing their reserve lands outside of the Indian Act to 118

As a result of Budget 2023 investments, the Reserve Land and Environment Management Program (RLEMP) welcomed 18 additional participants in 2024–25 and remains on track to achieve its target of 25 to 44 new participants by 2027–28.

Under the Indian Act, Canada holds a legal obligation to First Nations with respect to Trust Moneys. In 2024–25, ISC worked with eligible First Nations to explore options for assuming greater control of these funds. Until new mechanisms and legislative options are developed for First Nations to collect Capital and Revenue Trust Moneys directly, the department will continue to collect, receive, and hold these funds on their behalf. ISC supported the establishment of independent First Nation trusts, enabling the transfer of all current and future capital moneys from the Consolidated Revenue Fund to the trusts, and continues to work with other First Nations preparing to receive similar transfers.

In 2024-25, the Community Opportunity Readiness Program provided contributions totaling $27.0 million through the national envelope to support participation by First Nation and Inuit communities in 20 economic development projects. The projects are expected to generate almost 500 Indigenous jobs over the next 8 years and produce total community benefits of $423 million over the same period.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• The planned Audit of the Procurement Strategy for Indigenous Business is expected to be completed in Spring 2025.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of Economic Development and Capacity Readiness is expected to be completed in Winter 2025.
• The Evaluation of Individual Affairs is expected to be completed in Spring 2027.
• The Evaluation of Lands Management Sub-Program is expected to be completed by Fall 2028.
• The Evaluation of Indigenous Entrepreneurship and Business Development is expected to be completed by Spring 2029.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

In 2024–25, ISC engaged with the National Aboriginal Lands Managers Association and affiliated regional lands associations to strengthen delivery of the Reserve Land and Environment Management Program, including discussions to clarify the roles and responsibilities of service delivery partners. ISC also collaborated with service delivery partners to revise the program's activity report update the program guidance materials, and improve the accessibility of these materials for both internal and external stakeholders. In 2024–25, ISC provided proposal ‑based funding to First Nations pursuing transfer arrangements of trust moneys from the Consolidated Revenue Fund to their own control. ISC regions also engaged with First Nations interested in exploring alternative trust moneys management options.

Contributions to support service transfer and transformation

Start date: 2022-23

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2022-23

Link to departmental result:

• Indigenous communities have governance capacity and support for self-determination
• Indigenous Peoples are culturally safe and socially well

Link to the department's Program Inventory:

• Indigenous Governance and Capacity Supports
• Child and Family Services

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The purpose of the transfer payment program is to:

• advance broad level engagement, research and policy development with Indigenous partners for a more holistic approach to service delivery and transformation; and
• undertake preparatory work, including pilot projects in service design and delivery, to prepare for a subsequent transfer of responsibility for services from Indigenous Services Canada to Indigenous partners.

Through this funding authority, Indigenous governing bodies are supported to participate in the negotiation of coordination agreements to support the exercise of jurisdiction in relation to child and family services. Through funding under this authority, First Nations, Inuit and Métis governments and organizations, including non-status, off-reserve and other Indigenous groups will be engaged on key program and policy developments to support Indigenous capacity building and self-determination.

Funding also supports research, evaluation and analysis, including pilot projects that enable Indigenous-centered evidence for decision making and serve as the basis for long-term approaches to service transfer. As an enabling support mechanism, this authority will work in conjunction with funding approved through separate program authorities with pre-determined indicators and performance measurement strategies.

Results achieved:

As of March 31, 2025, ISC approved 538 capacity-building proposals totalling more than $281 million in capacity-building funding for 259 Indigenous recipients to support preparations for child and family services jurisdiction through the framework of An Act respecting First Nations, Inuit and Métis children, youth and families.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• The planned Audit of the Jordan's Principle is expected to be completed in Spring 2025.
• The planned Audit of the First Nations Child and Family Services Program is expected to be completed in Winter 2027.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of the Implementation of the Act Respecting First Nations, Inuit and Métis Children, Youth and Families is underway and expected to be completed in Spring 2026.
• The Evaluation of Transformational Approach to Indigenous Data and the Surveys on Indigenous Peoples Program is expected to be completed by Spring 2028.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

Indigenous Governing Bodies were supported to explore and/or exercise jurisdiction over child and family services under the framework of the An Act respecting First Nations, Inuit and Métis children, youth and families.

Further collaboration with relevant partners and stakeholders such as other government departments, other sectors within the department, National Indigenous Organizations, and community leaders, helped to inform effective policies and programs that address specific needs of Indigenous Governing Bodies.

Contributions to support the Aboriginal Economic Development Strategic Partnerships Initiative

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2020-21

Link to departmental result: Indigenous communities are progressing in their business and economic growth

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Community Economic Development

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The overall objective of the Strategic Partnerships Initiative (SPI) is to increase economic development opportunities for Indigenous communities and businesses. SPI is a whole-of-government innovative program launched in 2010 to increase Indigenous participation in large, complex, multiyear economic opportunities that span a range of sectors. It promotes partnerships between multiple federal partners (23 federal departments and agencies), provincial and territorial governments, and non-federal groups in key economic areas.

SPI contribution funding includes:

• ongoing support for initiatives in key sectors of the Canadian economy such as tourism, mining, fisheries, forestry, agriculture and energy.
• support for regional initiatives in clean energy and support capacity for local, economically-sustainable clean energy projects in Indigenous communities. This investment plays a complementary and enabling role in the advancement of Canada's Indigenous Climate Leadership and Strengthened Climate Plan.
• support for the federal mandatory 5% Indigenous procurement target. Through the National Indigenous Procurement Initiative, Public Services and Procurement Canada is working with federal partners and Indigenous organizations to invest in capacity development and program specific opportunities.

Strategic Partnerships Initiative's collaborative approach serves to address any gaps in existing programs that may limit or exclude Indigenous involvement in economic opportunities.

Results achieved:

During the 2024-25 fiscal year, the Strategic Partnerships Initiative invested $24,722,703 in funding to support Indigenous participation in economic development opportunities, and leveraged a further $57,777,995 from other sources (1:2.33 ratio). 159 communities actively participated in initiatives, with a further 67 communities participating in Clean Energy initiatives. Under the program's Clean Energy funding, 61 projects have received funding.

The Indigenous Business Navigator Service received requests from 389 Indigenous communities or proponents, with a further 336 requests from external partners (such as other federal departments and agencies).

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• The planned Audit of the Procurement Strategy for Indigenous Business is expected to be completed in Spring 2025.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of the Strategic Partnerships Initiative is expected to be completed in Summer 2025.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

The Strategic Partnerships Initiative continued to engage with communities and recipients through its existing initiatives and through work done at the regional level and with partner departments to identify potential opportunities for future initiatives.

Contributions to support the construction and maintenance of community infrastructure

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2017-18

Link to departmental result: Indigenous communities have sustainable land management and infrastructure

Link to the department's Program Inventory:

• Community Infrastructure
• Communities and the Environment

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The program supports First Nation communities in their efforts to have reliable and sustainable infrastructure by providing funding to plan, design, construct, acquire, operate and maintain community infrastructure assets and facilities, as well as coordinate training and undertake capacity-building activities in this area.

Infrastructure programs provide targeted funding for many types of infrastructure including: education facilities, water and wastewater facilities, housing, solid waste management, health infrastructure, roads and bridges, connectivity, culture and recreational facilities, fire protection, energy systems, planning and skills development, Band administration buildings, and structural mitigation.

Results achieved:

In 2024-25, 1,316 infrastructure projects were completed (excluding urban infrastructure projects), including 11 water and wastewater plants/lagoons, and the construction or renovation of over 4,000 housing units. ISC also continued to support the development of new, expanded and renovated schools with eight new schools completed and renovations finalized for eight existing schools. 285 health infrastructure projects were delivered, and a wide range of enabling community infrastructure initiatives, such as on-reserve energy systems, connectivity, fire protection, roads and bridges, structural mitigation, cultural and recreational facilities, as well as community capacity development, were supported by over $1 billion in investments, notably toward the Wataynikaneyap Transmission Project, which reduces the diesel dependency of 16 remote northern Ontario First Nations communities by connecting them to the provincial electricity grid. All of these investments were grounded in community-led planning and partnerships, helping to address the infrastructure gaps.

Budget 2024 Nurse Safety funds were allocated to respond to Occupational Health and Safety issues in remote community health facilities. Examples of the impactful work being done included the installation of swipe card access control, repairs for improved drainage to avoid water and mold damage, pest mitigation as well as intrusion detection systems, and CCTV upgrades. These enhancements provide direct benefits to nurses and the community which in turn support stronger nurse retention and continuity and quality of care to clients.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• The planned Audit of Elementary and Secondary Education and Education Facilities is expected to be completed in Fall 2025.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:  

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of Water and Wastewater Infrastructure is expected to be completed by Summer 2026.
• The Evaluation of Lands Management Sub-Programs is expected to be completed by Fall 2028.

• The Cluster Evaluation of Community Infrastructure (Housing On-Reserve, Education Facilities, Health Facilities, Other Community Infrastructure and Activities) is expected to be completed by Spring 2029.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

ISC continued to work closely with First Nations to identify infrastructure needs. The department reviewed its policies and instruments to identify how to better serve the needs of all First Nations communities, including small and remote communities.

Contributions to support the Métis Nation Post-Secondary Education Strategy

Start date: 2019-20

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2019-20

Link to departmental result: Indigenous students are progressing in their education

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Post-Secondary Education

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: In 2019, the Government of Canada committed to the creation of the Métis Nation Post-Secondary Education Strategy to support Métis Nation students pursuing post-secondary education and foster lifelong learning and skills development. The strategy reflects the Government's commitment to a renewed relationship with Métis Nation, one that is framed by principles of reconciliation, including recognitions of rights, respect, cooperation, partnership, and self-determination. This strategy includes direct financial support for Métis Nation students, complementary programs and services, and governance capacity to support service delivery. Funding for the Métis Nation Post-Secondary Education Strategy is provided through the following three main components:

1. Student financial support: funding to students to support their pursuit of post-secondary education.
2. Programs and Services: funding for activities that are determined based on local needs assessments with the aim of promoting students' pursuit of post-secondary education and the attainment of a credential.
3. Governance capacity: funding to strengthen Métis Nation education governance capacity, including current post-secondary education course offerings and programs now being provided by the Métis Nation and further developing and strengthening post-secondary education partnerships and networks.

Results achieved:

In 2024–25, ISC continued implementation of the Métis Nation Post Secondary Education Strategy in collaboration with Métis Nation recipients and provided ongoing support to all signatories of the Canada-Métis Nation Accord, including discussions on modifications to the current Terms and Conditions based on partner input. Due to partner capacity constraints and changes in governance landscape, work to finalize these amendments remains ongoing.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of Post-Secondary Education is expected to be completed by Spring 2027.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

ISC continued to work with Métis Nation partners to advance and implement new distinctions-based post-secondary education strategies to respond to the different post-secondary education priorities of Métis Nation partners. Amendments to the terms and conditions are underway to align with current governance structures, broaden eligibility to include part-time students, and clarify eligible expenditures related to administrative costs.

Grant for Band Support Funding

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Grants

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2017-18

Link to departmental result: Indigenous communities have governance capacity and support for self-determination

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Indigenous Governance and Capacity Supports

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: To assist band councils to meet the costs of local government and administration of departmentally funded services. This support is intended to provide a stable funding base, facilitating effective community governance and the efficient delivery of services. Band Support Funding allows First Nations communities the flexibility to allocate funds according to their individual needs and priorities and be responsive in an environment of growing complexity and as they move toward self-determination.

Band Support Funding recipients under the block funding approach must continue to meet the terms and conditions of the program authority.

Results achieved:

In 2024–25, 576 First Nations received Band Support Funding to support core governance capacity. The percentage of First Nations with a completed community-led plan was 47.3%. The program also worked to ensure local governments are supported for the delivery of services to their population.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of Indigenous Governance and Capacity is expected to be completed by Winter 2027.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

There were no planned initiatives to engage applicants or recipients in 2024-25.

Grant to implement the Framework Agreement on First Nation Land Management

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Grants

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2023-24

Link to departmental result: Indigenous communities have sustainable land management and infrastructure

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Communities and the Environment

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The purpose of this transfer payment program is to enable recipient First Nations to carry out and manage the lands and environmental management responsibilities set out in the negotiated Framework Agreement and its ratifying legislation the First Nations Land Management Act. As a form of sectoral self-government, First Nations operating under First Nations Land Management (FNLM) are better able to respond to community priorities related to lands, economic development opportunities, and improved administration of land interests and tenure.

FNLM is an opportunity for First Nations to opt-out of 44 sections of the Indian Act and determine how their lands should be managed. FNLM aligns with Canada's commitment to the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.

An expected immediate outcome of FNLM is improved access to services and tools by First Nations to manage and develop their lands and resource. FNLM also contributes to the ultimate outcome of Indigenous Peoples and Northerners determining their political, economic, social, and cultural development.

Data collected to track results and delivery targets include:

• annual reports from Indigenous Organizations and stakeholders;
• internal program data collected in partnership with Indigenous Organizations; and
• periodic departmental evaluations.

Results achieved:

In 2024-2025, six First Nations ratified their community land codes and became operational under the Framework Agreement on First Nation Land Management.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of Lands Management Sub-Programs is expected to be completed by Fall 2028.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

In 2024–25, the Lands Advisory Board and the First Nations Land Management Resource Centre continued engagement with signatory First Nations to the Framework Agreement on First Nation Land Management, including hosting their Annual General Meeting in August 2024.

Grant to support new fiscal relationship for First Nations under the Indian Act

Start date: April 1, 2019

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Grants

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2019-20

Link to departmental results: Indigenous communities have governance capacity and support for self-‑determination

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Indigenous Governance and Capacity Supports

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The grant is a funding mechanism intended to provide increased predictability and facilitate greater flexibility of First Nations to address local needs. This funding mechanism, typically with 10-year funding agreements, could have funding agreements of a shorter duration. The intention is to move away from contribution funding and program-based reporting for First Nations that have demonstrated sound governance and financial management. Under this model, First Nations members — not the department — will assess adequacy of services and hold their leadership accountable for management of services.

Results achieved:

An additional 18 First Nations joined the New Fiscal Relationship Grant in 2024-25, for a total of 160 (28%) First Nations. Eligibility in the Grant was expanded in Fall 2024 to First Nations-led service delivery entities, such as Tribal Councils and health authorities, and ISC received 99 expressions of interest to join the Grant in the 2025-26. More than $1.6 billion in transfer payments flowed via the Grant in 2024-25, and recipients were provided $40 million ($102 million cumulative) to reflect inflation and population growth.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of the Grant to Support the New Fiscal Relationship for First Nations is expected to be completed in Winter 2025.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

First Nations participating in the Grant were engaged on how the design and implementation of the Grant had benefitted them to date and how it could be improved to better respond to their needs.

To support the expansion of eligibility in the Grant to First Nations-led service delivery entities, ISC met with 37 organizations across the country to provide information and engage on the Grant's eligibility criteria, financial administration standards, accountability provisions, and reporting requirements. Many organizations expressed interest in joining the Grant immediately once available.

Grant to the Miawpukek Indian Band to support designated programs

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Grants

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2013-14

Link to departmental result: Indigenous communities have governance capacity and support for self-determination

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Indigenous Governance and Capacity Supports

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: This 10-year grant agreement is unique among ISC funding arrangements with First Nations as it provides the Miawpukek First Nation with a high degree of control over the management, administration, and operational functions of the community. The grant agreement allows the Miawpukek First Nation to identify and allocate funds to community priorities and enables it to manage its programs effectively while promoting creativity to seize opportunities and maximize efficiency. The grant covers a range of programming including: land management and registration, membership management, education, social services, infrastructure, Indigenous government and band support funding, band employee benefits, and community economic development.

Results achieved:

Continued progress is being made in shaping policy and program development to support new fiscal relationship initiatives. Work focused on refining key authorities, agreements, and eligibility considerations to ensure a strong and reliable foundation for implementation. These ongoing activities are reinforcing the framework necessary to support future adoption of grant models by interested First Nations.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of Indigenous Governance and Capacity is expected to be completed in Winter 2027.
• The Evaluation of the Miawpukek First Nation Grant Agreement (Indigenous-led) is expected to be completed by Spring 2030.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

ISC maintained regular and collaborative discussions with partners to explore opportunities under the new fiscal relationship approach. Engagement focused on identifying community needs, discussing potential grant arrangements, and supporting future participation in grant models. These efforts reflect ISC's commitment to building strong, transparent relationships that advance shared fiscal priorities.

Grants and Contributions to increase First Nations and Inuit Youth Participation in Education and Labour Market Opportunities

Start date: 1997

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Grants and Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2021-22

Link to departmental result: Indigenous students are progressing in their education

Link to the department's Program Inventory:

• Elementary and Secondary Education
• Post-Secondary Education

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: ISC provides a number of special incentives to address the significantly lower rate of educational attainment within the Indigenous population and First Nations and Inuit under-representation in the Canadian workforce. These incentives serve to integrate culturally appropriate content within elementary and secondary education, facilitate student transitions from secondary to post-secondary education and/or from school to the workplace and, ultimately, increase the number of skilled Indigenous youth in the workforce.

Results achieved:

In 2024–25, ISC continued implementation of the First Nations and Inuit Youth Employment Strategy and expanded the data collection instrument to include disaggregated indicators, such as gender, disability, official language minority communities, and 2SLGBTQI+ identity to align with Employment and Social Development Canada's Performance Management Framework for the Youth Employment and Skills Strategy.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• The planned Audit of Elementary and Secondary Education and Education Facilities is expected to be completed in Fall 2025.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of the Elementary and Secondary Education is currently underway and expected to be completed in Summer 2026.
• The Evaluation of Post-Secondary Education is expected to be completed in Spring 2026.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

ISC continued to support proposal-based initiatives, particularly the First Nations and Inuit Youth Employment Strategy, that provided First Nations youth living on reserve and Inuit youth living outside of their land claim area with work experience, information about career options, and opportunities to develop skills to help gain employment.

Grants and Contributions to provide income support to on-reserve residents and Status Indians in the Yukon Territory

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Grants and Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2018-19

Link to departmental result:

• Indigenous Peoples are physically well
• Indigenous Peoples are mentally well
• Indigenous Peoples have access to quality federally-funded health services
• Indigenous Peoples are culturally safe and socially well

Link to the department's Program Inventory:

• Income Assistance
• Home and Long-Term Care

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: ISC provides funding for social services as a matter of policy.

• Grant and contribution funding for Income Assistance and Assisted Living is targeted to clients or beneficiaries who are ordinarily resident on reserve or who, for the purposes of these programs, are deemed to be ordinarily resident on reserve.
• Grants and contributions to eligible recipients under the Income Assistance program are intended to provide financial assistance to low-income on-reserve residents and Status First Nations in Yukon to support their basic and special needs and to help them become more self-reliant, in alignment with the rate schedule and eligibility criteria of the reference province or territory.
• Grants and contributions under the Assisted Living program (AL) are intended to provide funding for non-medical, social support services to seniors, adults with chronic illness, and children and adults with disabilities (mental and physical) on reserve or Status First Nations in Yukon to help them maintain their independence. There are three major components:
  • in-home care
  • adult foster care
  • institutional care (for those needing personal non-medical 24-hour supervision and up to 2.5 hours of nursing care per day).

Results achieved:

Planning for discussions with partners on the development of a new Assisted Living Data Strategy was ongoing, with dialogue expected to begin.

ISC worked to ensure that eligible clients and their dependents had access to the on reserve Income Assistance program, as well as preemployment supports and services. The department collaborated with First Nation partners to identify ways to make the program more responsive to the needs of individuals and families on reserve and to determine the supports required to improve the program.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of Income Assistance is expected to be completed by Spring 2026.
• The Cluster Evaluation of Home and Long-Term Care is expected to be completed in Summer 2026.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

Engagement reports from all Métis stakeholder groups were received, with analysis and summarization completed. No further engagement processes were initiated thereafter.

Grants and Contributions to support First Nations Elementary and Secondary Educational Advancement

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Grants and Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2021-22

Link to departmental result: Indigenous students are progressing in their education

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Elementary and Secondary Education

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program:

Elementary and secondary education is one of the essential services that is funded by ISC for First Nations communities. In 2019-20, ISC implemented a new policy and funding approach for First Nations elementary and secondary education on reserve which was co-developed with First Nations partners. The funding approach supports First Nations education by providing predictable core funding comparable to funding in provincial education systems. The approach also includes full-day kindergarten for children aged 4 and 5 in First Nations schools and enhancements for language and culture, before- and after-school programming, and adult education.

The Education Partnerships Program also provides eligible First Nations and mandated First Nation education administration organizations with funding support for the service delivery costs of education programming and services on reserve, the related capacity development needs of the administrative organization, and for start-up costs of education administration organizations. The program also supports the development and establishment of education-related partnerships and agreements to support the current needs of First Nation students and the overall education systems as well as ongoing and future needs related to service transfer toward devolution.

Results achieved:

The program continued to work toward providing funding supporting First Nations control of First Nations education and the delivery of Kindergarten to grade 12 educational services, so that First Nations students can receive a quality, linguistically and culturally relevant education supporting their needs and contributing to closing the secondary education attainment gap between First Nations and non-Indigenous Canadians. These results were achieved by way of the following activities:

• The department implemented and delivered provincially comparable funding through interim regional funding formulas.
• The department supported regional and First Nations partners in the development and implementation of regional education agreements (REAs) which resulted in 11 regional education agreements being signed, with nine remaining active, covering approximately 25,080 students.
• The department successfully implemented an extension of eligibility to adults in Remedial/Adult Basic Education/Literacy and Basic Skills programming and those engaged in preparatory coursework toward their Canadian Adult Education Credential (CAEC) high school equivalency assessment (formerly the General Educational Development or GED).
• The department successfully implemented initiatives such as First Nations and Inuit Cultural Education Centres, Innovation in Education, and the Research and Learning Programs.

The department contributed to the implementation of before- and after-school programming and implementation of the funding allocated to ISC for First Nations students on reserve for the National School Food Program.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

Audit of Elementary and Secondary Education and Education Facilities was completed in October 2025.

An Audit of Elementary and Secondary Education (ESE) and Education Facilities (EF) was undertaken from June 2023 to October 2024. The audit focused on funding activity covering the period from April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2023. The audit examined the roles, responsibilities, accountabilities and oversight mechanisms of the programs, and the processes that support the collaboration and coordination of the ESE Program and the EF Program. The final report is expected by Fall 2025

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of Elementary and Secondary Education is expected in Spring 2026.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

In 2024–25, refinements to the interim regional funding formulas continued through regional technical tables and joint implementation tables with self-governing and modern treaty First Nations. Development of regional education agreements to address the specific needs and priorities of First Nation communities also continued, supported by Education Partnerships Program funding to First Nations and mandated First Nations organizations. The High-Cost Special Education review has been delayed due to external factors and competing priorities. First Nations partners continue to signal interest in finalizing the review, and ISC remains committed to working collaboratively with partners to advance and complete the review.

Grants and Contributions to support the First Nations Post-Secondary Education Strategy

Start date: 2019−20

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Grants and Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2019-20

Link to departmental result: Indigenous students are progressing in their education

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Post-Secondary Education

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: Funding provided through the First Nations Post-Secondary Education Strategy supports access to and participation in post-secondary education. The suite of programming under the First Nations Post-Secondary Education Strategy consists of four components:

1. The Post-Secondary Student Support Program provides non-repayable financial support for First Nations students to advance towards a recognized post-secondary education credential, as prioritized and directed by First Nations;
2. The University and College Entrance Preparation Program provides non-repayable financial support for First Nations students who are enrolled in accepted university and college entrance preparation programs to enable them to attain the academic level required for entrance into degree and diploma credit programs, as prioritized and directed by First Nations;
3. The Post-Secondary Partnerships Program provides funding to support First Nations to define their own partnerships with institutions to increase the availability of post-secondary education programs tailored to First Nations cultural and educational needs. It is proposal-driven and provides funding to First Nations established post-secondary education institutions and First Nations-directed community-based programming; and
4. The First Nations Adult Secondary Education mechanism provides funding for First Nations learners to access resources and services to complete eligible adult education programs for secondary education, equivalency or upgrading of existing secondary-level education.

Results achieved:

In 2024–25, ISC continued implementation of the First Nations Post Secondary Education Strategy in collaboration with First Nations partners. The review of reports on regional models also continued. Findings from the review informed preliminary modifications to the Terms and Conditions. Should the Terms and Conditions provide enough flexibility, First Nations partners could proceed with implementing regional post-secondary models when ready. However, additional changes to the Terms and Conditions may be required depending on the scope of regional post-secondary models put forward by First Nations.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of Post-Secondary Education is expected in Spring 2026.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

ISC continued collaboration with First Nations partners to inform updated Terms and Conditions of the First Nations Post-Secondary Education Strategy.

Grants and Contributions to support the Inuit Post-Secondary Education Strategy

Start date: 2019−20

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Grants and Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2019-20

Link to departmental result: Indigenous students are progressing in their education

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Post-Secondary Education

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: In 2019, the Government of Canada committed to the creation of the Inuit Post-Secondary Education Strategy to support Inuit students pursuing post-secondary education and foster lifelong learning and skills development. The strategy reflects the Government's commitment to a renewed relationship with Inuit, one that is framed by principles of reconciliation, including recognitions of rights, respect, cooperation, partnership, and self-determination. This transformational approach includes direct financial support for Inuit students, complementary programs and services, and governance capacity to support service delivery. Funding for the Inuit Post-Secondary Education Strategy is provided through the following four eligible components:

1. Student financial support: funding to students to support their pursuit of post-secondary education;
2. Programs and Services: funding for activities that are determined based on local needs assessments with the aim of promoting students' pursuit of post-secondary education and the attainment of a credential;
3. Community Engagement: funding for community-level activities on the benefits of post-secondary accreditation and for preparing students leaving for post-secondary education for their experience; and
4. Governance/National Coordination: funding for the human, information and physical infrastructure necessary to meet local and regional needs.

Results achieved:

In 2024–25, ISC continued implementation of the Inuit Post-Secondary Education Strategy in collaboration with Inuit partner organizations, including initiating discussions on modifications to the current Terms and Conditions based on partner input. Due to capacity constraints, work to finalize these amendments remains ongoing.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of Post-Secondary Education is expected to be completed by Spring 2027.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

ISC continued to work with Inuit partners to advance and implement new distinctions-based post-secondary education strategies that respond to the different post-secondary education priorities of Inuit partners. Amendments to the terms and conditions are underway to expand eligibility.

Contributions to support Urban Programming for Indigenous Peoples

Start date: 2017-18

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Grants and Contributions

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2020-21

Link to departmental result: Indigenous Peoples are culturally safe and socially well

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Urban Programming for Indigenous Peoples

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The Government of Canada seeks to contribute towards reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples through improved coordination, supporting coalitions, and the broadening and strengthening of programming by identifying and addressing local needs of all Indigenous Peoples in urban centres.

Urban Programming for Indigenous Peoples (UPIP), implemented by the department, funds and supports activities and infrastructure projects for Indigenous organizations to serve clients, and to deliver effective culturally appropriate programs or services to Indigenous Peoples in urban centres as well as invest in local stakeholder coalitions across Canada. It also provides opportunities for greater federal coordination of programming and supports research and pilot projects to better understand the urban Indigenous context.

Results achieved:   

The Program is currently in the process of compiling historical data for analysis and is expected to provide results by Winter 2025.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

Evaluation of Urban Programming for Indigenous Peoples was completed in January 2025

The evaluation found that the Urban Programming for Indigenous Peoples (UPIP) was valued for its flexibility, which allowed service providers to integrate diverse Indigenous values into their work. However, its effectiveness was limited by unstable funding, colonial structures in program design, and weak data quality. While some progress had been made in co-developing outcomes and indicators, Indigenous partners remained under-engaged in program design and administration. External pressures such as COVID-19 and climate change further highlighted both the importance of well-resourced organizations and the risks associated with temporary or insufficient funding.

The report emphasized the need to strengthen governance by centering Indigenous voices, redesigning the program logic model and indicators, and improving data collection and reporting in collaboration with Indigenous partners. It also recommended securing stable, flexible, and accessible funding through streamlined application processes and stronger interdepartmental coordination. Overall, findings show that while UPIP is well-intentioned and has meaningful impacts, critical gaps remain across the areas of spirit, relationships, process, governance, and outcomes. Addressing these gaps requires ensuring the program reflects evolving Indigenous priorities, prioritizing reliable and meaningful data, and establishing funding that is stable, sustainable, and responsive.

• There are no future internal evaluations planned for this program.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

The program collaborated with Indigenous partners to co-develop a new program logic model, aimed to prioritize the collection of meaningful data. It is expected to be implemented by April 2027.

Grants for the Operation Return Home claims settlements

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Grants

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2021–22

Link to departmental result: Indigenous communities have sustainable land management and infrastructure

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Community Infrastructure

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The objective is to allow the payment of settlements to address claims related to flooding of the Dauphin River, Little Saskatchewan, Lake St. Martin are resolved with finality in a faster and more transparent way. Pinaymootang First Nations settlement has been finalized.

Results achieved:

The program continued to ensure claims were resolved in a transparent way.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• The planned Audit of Elementary and Secondary Education and Education Facilities is expected to be completed in Fall 2025.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of the Water and Wastewater program is expected to be completed in Summer 2026
• The Cluster Evaluation of Community Infrastructure (Housing On-Reserve, Education Facilities, Health Facilities, Other Community Infrastructure, and Activities) is expected to be completed by Spring 2029.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

The department did not enter into any engagement activities for 2024-25.

Grants to support child and family services coordination agreements and related fiscal arrangements

Start date: 2022-23

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Grants

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2022-23

Link to departmental result: Indigenous Peoples are culturally safe and socially well

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Child and Family Services

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The purpose of this grant program is to fund and support the implementation of Indigenous laws under the framework of An Act respecting First Nations, Inuit and Métis children, youth and families (the Act). This is, in part, accomplished through coordination agreements and supporting fiscal arrangements (where applicable). This funding will continue to be flowed through this grant.

The grant provides funding to Indigenous governing bodies for sectoral self-government, specifically in the domain of child and family services. The Indigenous group, community or People will define indicators and report on results that it deems valuable.

There will be an annual report to the Indigenous governing bodies and their community members that Canada will be able to access upon request. It will include an audit of finances, done according to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. Specific reporting requirements are to be negotiated in individual financial relationship agreements.

Results achieved:

As of March 31, 2025, a total of 14 coordination agreements had been signed, 11 trilateral and 3 bilateral, and 16 Indigenous laws were in force. Investments reached $2.88 billion.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of the Implementation of the Act Respecting First Nations, Inuit and Métis Children, Youth and Families is underway and expected to be completed in Spring 2026.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

Under the framework of the Act, $2.88 billion has been invested to support the implementation of multiple year coordination agreements to support Indigenous child and family laws and service models.

Indigenous communities determine their own interest, readiness, and approach to exercising jurisdiction over child and family services, at a pace and in a manner that reflects their distinct realities and circumstances. Collaboration also took place with key stakeholders—including other government departments, internal sectors, National Indigenous Organizations, and community leaders—to advance the development of policies and programs that are responsive to the specific needs of Indigenous communities.

(S) Indian Annuities Treaty payments (Indian Act)

Start date: Ongoing

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Grants

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2017-18

Link to departmental result: Indigenous communities have governance capacity and support for self-determination

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Indigenous Governance and Capacity Supports

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: Refer to section 72 of the Indian Act.

Results achieved:

In 2024–2025, ISC visited approximately 95% of eligible First Nation communities (297 out of 313) to deliver Treaty annuities. A total of $2,626,432 in cash payments was issued to 117,840 individuals, excluding amounts paid by cheque or through mailed applications. Additionally, ISC hosted 18 urban treaty payment events off-reserve.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of Individual Affairs is expected to be completed in Spring 2027.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

The Treaty Annuity Payment service fulfills the government's obligations to First Nation Bands and individuals under the Historic Treaties (Robinson Treaties and Numbered Treaties), which provide for annuities in perpetuity. Consequently, the government remains permanently responsible for Treaty Annuities. During the pandemic, while traditional treaty payment events were paused, alternative payment methods were piloted. These options continue to be available alongside the return of traditional events, allowing communities and individuals to choose their preferred payment method.

Grants to British Columbia Indian bands in lieu of a per capita annuity

Start date: 1927 – Practice that had commenced to pay non-treaty bands in British Columbia in lieu of treaty annuity payments.

1965 – A grant was created to regularize the practice established in 1927, entitled: Grants to British Columbia Indian bands in lieu of a per capita annuity

End date: Ongoing

Type of transfer payment: Grants

Type of appropriation: Estimates

Fiscal year for terms and conditions: 2013-14

Link to departmental result: Indigenous communities have governance capacity and support for self-determination

Link to the department's Program Inventory: Indigenous Governance and Capacity Supports

Purpose and objectives of transfer payment program: The grant to First Nations bands in British Columbia in lieu of a per capita annuity provides $300,000 to be split on a per capita basis among the First Nations bands in British Columbia that did not sign one of the Numbered Treaties with the Crown based on a per capita basis.

The grant is paid into the First Nations Band Funds held in trust by Canada on a per-capita basis to provide additional services in lieu of treaties or annuities.

Results achieved:

In 2024–25, $300,000 was distributed on a per capita basis to all First Nations bands in British Columbia that were not signatories to either the Numbered or Modern Treaties with the Crown.

Findings of audits completed in 2024-25:

• No audits were completed in 2024-25.
• There are no future internal audits currently planned for this program.

Findings of evaluations completed in 2024-25:

• No evaluations were completed in 2024-25.
• The Evaluation of Individual Affairs is expected to be completed in Spring 2027.

Engagement of applicants and recipients in 2024-25:

While ISC did not enter into any engagement activities for 2024-2025, the department will continue to provide the $300,000 grant to British Columbia First Nation bands divided on a per capita calculation basis in lieu of an annuity.